// https://gist.github.com/koosaga/d4afc4434dbaa348d5bef0d60ac36aa4 vector berlekamp_massey(vector x){ vector ls, cur; int lf, ld; for(int i=0; i c(i-lf-1); c.push_back(k); for(auto &j : ls) c.push_back(-j * k % mod); if(c.size() < cur.size()) c.resize(cur.size()); for(int j=0; j=(int)cur.size()) tie(ls, lf, ld) = make_tuple(cur, i, (t - x[i]) % mod); cur = c; } for(auto &i : cur) i = (i % mod + mod) % mod; return cur; } int get_nth(vector rec, vector dp, ll n){ int m = rec.size(); vector s(m), t(m); s[0] = 1; if(m != 1) t[1] = 1; else t[0] = rec[0]; auto mul = [&rec](vector v, vector w){ int m = v.size(); vector t(2 * m); for(int j=0; j= mod) t[j+k] -= mod; } } for(int j=2*m-1; j>=m; j--){ for(int k=1; k<=m; k++){ t[j-k] += (ll)t[j] * rec[k-1] % mod; if(t[j-k] >= mod) t[j-k] -= mod; } } t.resize(m); return t; }; while(n){ if(n & 1) s = mul(s, t); t = mul(t, t); n >>= 1; } ll ret = 0; for(int i=0; i get_min_poly(int n, vector M){ // smallest poly P such that A^i = sum_{j < i} {A^j \times P_j} vector rnd1, rnd2; mt19937 rng(0x14004); auto randint = [&rng](int lb, int ub){ return uniform_int_distribution(lb, ub)(rng); }; fors(i, 0, n-1) rnd1.push_back(randint(1, mod - 1)); fors(i, 0, n-1) rnd2.push_back(randint(1, mod - 1)); vector gobs; fors(i, 0, 2*n+1){ int tmp = 0; fors(j, 0, n-1){ tmp += (ll)rnd2[j] * rnd1[j] % mod; if(tmp >= mod) tmp -= mod; } gobs.push_back(tmp); vector nxt(n); for(auto &i : M){ nxt[i.x] += (ll)i.v * rnd1[i.y] % mod; if(nxt[i.x] >= mod) nxt[i.x] -= mod; } rnd1 = nxt; } auto sol = berlekamp_massey(gobs); reverse(sol.begin(), sol.end()); return sol; } ll det(int n, vector M){ vector rnd; mt19937 rng(0x14004); auto randint = [&rng](int lb, int ub){ return uniform_int_distribution(lb, ub)(rng); }; fors(i, 0, n-1) rnd.push_back(randint(1, mod - 1)); for(auto &i : M){ i.v = (ll)i.v * rnd[i.y] % mod; } auto sol = get_min_poly(n, M)[0]; if(n % 2 == 0) sol = mod - sol; for(auto &i : rnd) sol = (ll)sol * ipow(i, mod - 2) % mod; return sol; }